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Band I (right to left). Date: Year 4 (or 5) Reed, day 2 House (794 or 783 A.D.). Beside this date, mountain...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/9ae68dc8-ce99-4da0-89e3-c269e193484b.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 001"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting in bottom right-hand corner. Band I (right to left). Date: Year 4 (or 5) Reed, day 2 House (794 or 783 A.D.). Beside this date, mountain resting on a wall covered with a layer of ashes. Two strips capped with jades emerge from the base of this mountain, one is decorated with jade beads (white discs), the other with gold pectorals. Two deities descend from the sky (stars characteristically featured as eyes), each armed with its atlatl or dart thrower, dart, and shield. The god on the right is called 1 Death (note skull featured in his name) and can be identified with the Sun, it has the solar disk over his body. The deity to the left is called M 1 Movement. He has the five painted points that characterise him as the incarnation of the planet Venus. A dart thrown by the gods has penetrated the Hill of Jade and Gold below, an opening from which was born the lord M 11 Water 'Ballcourt Smoke' (a red undulating line representing the umbilical cord links him to the dart). This lord is depicted on the Hill of the Cave with the Human Head, facing his wife F 7 Eagle 'Head-Wall-Jade', who was from this place. Band II (left to right): lord M 11 Water and F 7 Eagle had a daughter named F 10 Eagle 'Tlaltecuhtli-Red and White strips'. She is shown on the left, facing her husband M 4 Eagle 'Tlachtli' (or 'Ballcourt', outline drawn above his head). F 10 Eagle and M 4 Eagle, in turn had a daughter  (note umbilical cord as in band I) who was named F 8 Rabbit 'Sun Headdress'. Band III (right to left): the narrative is then interrupted to tell us about the lord who will later marry princess F 8 Rabbit. This digression is set in a very ancient time (around 760?). Two old priests from a town represented by a vessel, a bird's head, a bundle of reeds and a copper axe are holding a meeting and making offerings. They are named M 10 Flint 'Tlaltecuhtli Face' and M 10 Lizard 'Dead Man's Hair'. A pearl and jade necklace is between them. Both elders are recognisable as priests by the gourds they carry on their backs, which contained a mixture of tobacco and other herbs. These two characters are mentioned again on p. 2, 3, 6 and 7, which covers a period of 142 years. It is therefore very likely that these names refer to deities or a specific office (in Tenochtitlan, for instance, the two main priests were always called Quetzalcoatl). The two priests then go to Apoala, 'River with the handful of Quetzals' (scene to the left where the same two figures reappear). The lords of this place are M 5 Wind 'Celestial Rain' (who is shown seated in the lower part of the composition; perhaps the famous Dzahuindanda), and his wife F 9 Alligator 'Tlaloc-Quetzal-Spiderweb', who is conversing with the two priests. The latter are offering what appear to be a stone mask and maybe a piece of jade."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/9ae68dc8-ce99-4da0-89e3-c269e193484b.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0003","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 002: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 1). Band I. The purpose of the visit to the lords of Apoala was to ask them to engender, from the trees,...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/4562b4e7-0b73-4cc6-ad0e-0bbf01d4a02b.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 002"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 1). Band I. The purpose of the visit to the lords of Apoala was to ask them to engender, from the trees, several princes, primarily the one named M 2 Grass 'Death Serpent' (who stands at the apex of the tree). He was to marry F 8 Rabbit, as will be seen later in the book. The vessel which represents the river is similar to one on page 1, band II. The layer of earth which encloses it terminates to the rights in a tiger's head, and in a serpent's head on the left. The three stones in the water are decorated with a jewel, a tiger's head and what appears to be flames. A wall, from which fames rise, is in the centre. A stone mask is at each side of the wall, one with Tláloc figure, and the other with the head of a lizard; above each mask are some papers decorated with red undulating lines and a knotted strip. They are the offerings brought by the priests who sit to left and right of the tree, which emerges from the wall. It has an eye on its trunk and two serpents, representing north and south wind around it, one is lined with clouds, the other with stars. In the upper part, on either side, a doubled strip forming a right angle, with stars, represents the nocturnal sky. On the right is an ornament of gold or jade. The year 10 Reed (827?-879?) is on the left. M 2 Grass 'Death Serpent' is linked to the tree by a red umbilical cord (see p. 1). On the right are other representations connected with this scene. Connected by a vertical line are a container holding an eagle, another with a Turtle-Xiuhcoatl (which is the name of a sacrificer), and finally a hand holding a large flint knife with a face. Six personages are seen on the right, they all have a red umbilical cord, which indicates that they were born in the same year but on different days which are given by the calendrical names and surnames drawn above their head. Band II (from right to left). The origin of the lord M 2 Grass 'Death Serpent' having been explained, the story continues with his marriage within 15 or 275 days of his birth, in the same year 10 Reed (827?-879?), day 4 Deer (date is to the right). He marries princess F 8 Rabbit 'Sun Headdress', daughter of M 4 Eagle 'Ballcourt' and F10 Eagle 'Tlaltecuhtli with strips of paper' , the lords of the Cave of the Human Head (see p. 1, band II, where these three characters are similarly represented). the newly weds M 2 Grass and F 8 Rabbit become lords of the Whirlpool of Blood-Temple of the Spiderweb and Smoke (see red whirlpool below them, half circular spiderweb, temple walls and curling smoke motifs behind 2 Grass)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/4562b4e7-0b73-4cc6-ad0e-0bbf01d4a02b.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0004","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 003: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 2). Band I (left to right) and II (right to left). M 2 Grass 'Death Serpent' and F 8 Rabbit 'Sun Headdress'...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/afcd4069-0abd-4e88-9bf2-a1ad0090fd63.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 003"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 2). Band I (left to right)  and II (right to left). M 2 Grass 'Death Serpent' and F 8 Rabbit 'Sun Headdress' have a son, named M 10 Reed 'Eagle-Fire' who is depicted to the left (note red umbilical cord). On the day 3 Rain of the year 2 Flint (884), he goes to see two elders: M 10 Lizard 'Dead Man's Hair' and M 3 Flower (no surname) who, together with another elder named M 10 Flint Knife 'Tlatecuhtli face' (on band II) carry out ceremonies in an enclosure surrounded by walls. The enclosure lies in front of the Temple of the Plumed Serpent (Quetzalcoatl) to the left in band II. M 10 Reed 'Eagle Fire' emerges from the temple perhaps after he has performed certain rites in which his ritual sponsors, the three elders, have taken part. It appears that the important thing was to make what the Aztecs called the teoquimilli or sacred bundle, similar to the medicine-bundle of the shamans (for other representations of this bundle see Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS. Arch. Selden. A. 72). The elders M 10 Lizard and M 3 Flower are seen making bundles to the right in band I. M 10 Lizard (to the left) makes his with red plumes, papers striped with blood and the head of the goddess mother-earth. Facing him, M 3 Flower makes one with red plumes, an eye which very probably represents a deity, and a type of quachquémitl with areas of red and white. Below this bundle are four black bars which may be numerical bars. They also appear in other codices belonging to the Mixteca-Puebla styles where offerings are taking place (see Oxford, Bodleian Library, Codex Laud tbc, for instance). In Band II, to the right, are two bundles, one with a Tlaloc head, and above it, one which looks like a plant with some strips of tiger skin. Between the elder 10 Flint Knife and these bundles, are a vessel with coal with flames, a corn stalk transformed into a serpent , a pile of green trunks, and another of boards or beams. M 10 Flint Knife casts from his hand what appears to be a ball of copal. Band III (left to right) and IV (right to left). The last scene still within the enclosure with ramparts starts with the date of day 6 Death, year 5 Reed (three years after the previous ceremony). M 10 Reed appears again, carrying 20 objects on a pilgrimage which may be for the purpose of asking other lords, caciques of towns, to support him in his claims to the throne of the Belching Mountain (see later in the codex). Using a connecting line, the scribe defined the order in boustrophedon in which the list of objects should be read: copper axe, flint axe, resplendent cord (?), knotted cord, vessel with blood, vessel with heart (cuauhxicalli), red disk, white disk, black and yellow bacg, vase with ashes (?), bag with down, capped with the head of a lizard, human head decorated with down, human arm decorated with down, cage with puma, cage with tiger, (continuing in band IV) cage with grey eagle, cage with white eagle, and finally, arrow, shield and Xolotl bundle which, as we shall see, were the most important and should be what the future kings of Belching Mountain must offer. These offerings are presented to M 9 Rain 'Bloody Tiger', probably his uncle, who was then ruling over the Hill of the Human Head (town where M 10 Reed's mother was born, see p. 1, band I and p. 2, band II for other more developed representations of this place). Beyond the Hill of the Head are other places also probably visited by M 10 Reed: the Land of Copal, ruled by M 8 Dog 'Alligator-Sky Support'  and the Hill of the Warrior (shown standing within the hill), ruled by M 4 Grass 'Eagle-Blood'. These places may form a single town, as they appear together."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/afcd4069-0abd-4e88-9bf2-a1ad0090fd63.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0005","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 004: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 3). Band I. More places which M 10 Reed may have visited. From left to right: Temple where the Alligator is...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/4073fc5a-4424-4971-aa0f-1b27fe466814.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 004"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 3). Band I. More places which M 10 Reed may have visited. From left to right: Temple where the Alligator is born, ruled by M 2 Rabbit 'Grey Eagle' ; Temple of the Jawbone and the Red Century Plant, ruled by M 10 Grass 'Stone Shield'; Place of Man who points to the Sky, ruled by M 5 Serpent and M 4 House. Band II (from right to left). Hill of the White Alligator Skin, ruled by M 10 Reed (not same as protagonist of this story) and M 1 Vulture; Plcae of the Tlaltecuhtli, ruled by M 7 Tiger and F 5 Rain; Hill of the Seated Little Man, whose ruler was M 10 Movement 'Eagle with Flints'; the Place of the Tiger-pelted Breast Plate, ruled by M 10 Dog and M 10 Monkey. Band III (from left to right). More places which M 10 Reed may have visited. Hill of the Rabbit and the Copper Axe, whose lord was M 2 Wind 'Lion'; Teozacoalco, or town with the wall bent by a small man (name of the ruler not given); Town with the Jawbone and the Eagle Wings (name of ruler not given). After listing the towns he visited, the manuscript tells us that M 10 reed 'Eagle Fire' becomes the lord of the Hill of the Plant (?) and Town of the Half-Bow, on the day 9 House of the year 8 Flint (915). Band IV (right to left). Later, but with no mention of date, M 10 Reed becomes the lord of the Hill of the Eagle Wings (this might be the same place, but with a slightly different name, of which we said the ruler was not named in band III). In front of him, mount of dirt on which two boards have been placed. In the following year, on the day 7 Eagle of the year 9 House (917), M 10 Reed, dressed as a priest in the whote xicolli with black spots and a yetecomatl on his back, deposits a Xolotl bundle in the temple and makes an offering of copal inside the enclosure with ramparts. Through this ritual, he becomes the first king of the Belching Mountain."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/4073fc5a-4424-4971-aa0f-1b27fe466814.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0006","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 005: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 4). Band I (left to right). On the day 7 Deer of the year 12 Flint (920; three years after the dynasty is...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/db86189d-ae64-4990-9fcd-06135994ba1f.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 005"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 4). Band I (left to right). On the day 7 Deer of the year 12 Flint (920; three years after the dynasty is initiated in Belching Mountain), M 10 Reed 'Eagle-Fire' marries F 2 Lizard 'Venus-Red and White Band'. She is the daughter of the lords M 5 Flower 'Ballcourt' and F 5 Flower 'Mouth-Jewel-Fist with awl' of the Hill of the Flower Tree (who are represented to the right). Band II (right to left). M 10 Reed and F 2 Lizard have a son named M 3 Rain 'Tlachtli with lines'. We see him in Belching Mountain, wearing a fasting cord tied around his body and offering copal before the Xolotl bundle. He takes the copal from a bag he carries in the hand with which he also holds the incense burner. In front of him, to the left, we find the complete toponymic glyph, with all the elements, of Belching Mountain: a hill, salivating mouth, a wall from which clouds emerge, the temple with the enclosure and its ramparts, and the Xolotl bundle. The temple is very similar to the one shown on p. 4, band IV. To the left, M 3 Rain 'Tlachtli with Lines' marries F 7 Death 'Knot-Flaming Fan'. M 3 Rain wears a crwon of flowers for the marriage ceremony and, in front of him, appear a red Xicolli and an ornament of quetzal plumes, all apparently symbols of royal power. Band III (left to right). The parents of lady 7 Death 'Knot-Flaming Fan' are depicted: M 1 Serpent 'Tlachtli-Astronomical Apparatus' and F 8 Flint 'Angle-Movement Sign', lords of the Hill of Water (on which they sit). It seems that the first dynasty of Belching Mountain terminates here, and the scene which follows on this same line relates how the second dynasty is founded in that town. The reason for this change is not given. Lady 9 Wind 'Flint Quechquemitl' makes an offering of copal in front of the temple of the Xolotl bundle in Belching Mountain, wither in order to take over the throne, or as a result of having done so. M 10 Reed and M 3 Rain had done likewise (see for instance band II on this page). Lady 9 Wind was the daughter of M 8 Wind 'Twenty Eagles' and F 10 Deer 'Tiger Quechquemitl' from Tree with White Flowers. Band IV (right to left). Lady 9 Wind 'Flint Quechquemitl', after performing the ceremony in which she offers incense to the Xolotl bundle and inaugurates the second dynasty, marries M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger' on the day 10 Deer of the year 3 House (89). The prince consort was the son of M 10 Flower and F 2 Serpent 'Quetzalcoatl', the second rulers of the First Dynasty of Tilantongo, who are depicted to the left of the marriage scene (but, since F 2 Serpent and F 9 Wind were sisters, M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger' in fact marries his maternal aunt). M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger' and F 9 Wind had three sons and a daughter. The first son, 1 Reed 'Tlachtli-Astronomical Apparatus' is depicted on this band to the left. For other children, see p. 6."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/db86189d-ae64-4990-9fcd-06135994ba1f.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0007","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 006: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 5). Band I (left to right). M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger' and F 9 Wind had three sons and a daughter. The first...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/1e86c5fc-112a-4cf0-8f1d-2a4881924e97.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 006"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 5). Band I (left to right). M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger' and F 9 Wind had three sons and a daughter. The first son is depicted on p. 5, band IV. The other sons, named 12 Water 'Eagle-Down' and 3 Water 'Copal Breath', are depicted here. This line further relates that they were sacrificed in a battle that took place on the day 8 Buzzard of the year 9 House (1021), probably in the town of Skull. The war is indicated with a shield, an arrow, and a staff with a mask. In view of the fact that, as will be seen later, the goddess 9 Grass 'Death', from the town of Skull, constantly appears protecting the sister of the sacrified princes, they probably died while defending this town, rather than attacking it. The last person mentioned among the descendents of M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger' and F 9 Wind 'Flint Quechquemitl' is a daughter: the princess 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl', known at other times as 'War Quechquemitl'. She is depicted conversing with the priest 10 Lizard 'Dead Man's Hair', who now also appears to to have the surname 'Jade Axe'. If he is the same one mentioned on p. 3, band I, he would be at least 142 years old. Therefore, the name must be that of an office rather than of an individual, unless the scribe is telling us of one of those legendary men of extraordinary longevity, who generally are given these attributes because two or more related personages have been taken for one individual. It could also mean that 'Jade Axe' serves to distinguish this 10 Lizard from his predecessors and from those having the same name. The purpose of the conversation between this personage and F 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl' is to establish the rights of this princess to the throne of Belching Mountain, in view of her brothers' sacrificial deaths. Band II (right to left). On the day 4 Wind of the year 4 House (1029), eight years after the war in the town Skull, M 10 Eagle 'Stone Tiger', father of the princess and sacirficed princes, has to defend his city Belching Mountain against M 3 Lizard 'Jade Hair', who is from the town River of Tlaloc's Cave-Heart-Turquoise. The reason for this battle seems to have been to protect the princes of Tilantongo, the last heir to the First Dynasty of that town (the explanation of this battle is found in the Codex Zouche-Nuttal, p. 5-8). Band III (left to right). The elder M 10 Lizard 'Ruffled Hair', who now apparently has three other surnames besides 'Axe-Jewel' ('Eagle-Down', 'Arrow', and 'Flaming Mirror'), sends the princess 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl' to speak with the elder M 6 Vulture 'Bone Planting Stick'. The latter forces her to go into the earth (in a cave?), perhaps as a magical trial. The date which appears here is linked by a line to an event taking place on the next band. She later emerges and continues her journey (to the right). Band IV (right to left). The date of day 6 Serpent of the year 5 Reed (1043?), given on band III, is related to the visit made by F 6 Monkey and her husband 10 Wind  (should be 11 Wind) 'Bloody Tiger' to see F 9 Grass 'Death', ruler of the town Skull, that is, the town for which the princes (6 Monkey's brothers) had died in sacrifice. The prince and princess are clearly represented in a humble attitude before the goddess; she delivers a long discourse, especially to F 6 Monkey (see line from the goddess' mouth representing her words). Here, they begin to give offerings which they have brought. The order in which the offerings are presented is strictly indicated by a line (see p. 3-III and IV). The offerings consist of a gold and jade Xolotl mask, an ear of corn or a fruit of the same materials; a necklace or breast plate, a bee, a snail shown in cross-section, called by the Mexicans ehecailacacozcatl or 'jewel of the wind', two necklaces made of gold beads in the form of hooks (one of them is on p. 7, band I)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/1e86c5fc-112a-4cf0-8f1d-2a4881924e97.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0008","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 007: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 6). Band I (left to right). Rest of the offerings brought by F 6 Monkey and her husband 10 Wind to the...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/05ba5c48-d180-4c64-acbf-c435626c7a69.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 007"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 6). Band I (left to right). Rest of the offerings brought by F 6 Monkey and her husband 10 Wind to the goddess 9 Grass 'Death': second necklace made of gold beads in the form of hooks, a red chili with a heart and two plates of gold, two checkered objects, apparently made of cloth, but adorned with jade, a 'Death Serpent' with two bone awls, and a complete dress made up of a huipil, skirt, and quechquemitl. The letter is adorned with a fringe of white Xonecuillis on a black ground, the same as the one worn by the goddess 9 Grass, which is a characteristic symbol of her (see her depiction on p. 6-IV). After the offerings comes a date: day 10 Wind of the year 10 Reed (1035), which might refer to a day in the past. Three women and four men , and a fifth man playing the tepoznatli (in the centre), participate in a dance which takes place on this date. Among the dancers, we can recognise: F 9 Grass 'Death', M 11 Wind 'Bloody Tiger', F 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl', an old man and an old woman, and a man wearing the mask and beard of Ehecatl, the wind god. The other male is not identifiable. They all carry flowers in their hands and, in general, a woman alternates with a man. After the dance, M 11 Wind and F 6 Monkey get married by bathing together in the River of Corn, on the day 7 Flower of the year 12 House (1037). Band II (right to left). A number of objects is presented to the couple: a white huipil with undulating lines, red dots, and snail symbol; two small cloths similarly decorated with red lines; other black dotted cloths with red border and fringe, one of them having a red bow and the other what appears to be a knotted feather; a xicolli or red tunic, with featherd fringe and cords to tie it, ending in pearls; a similar xicolli, decorated besides with an ear of corn, which seems to be a symbol of royal power, as respresented in other codices; and finally two feathered headdresses. One of these has a ball of down, an eagle feather, and three quetzal feathers (which is the plumage of the warrior), and the other is set in gold, with three dark feathers and three of the quetzal.  The year following the ceremonial bath and the offerings, the elder from Belching Mountain, M 10 Lizard 'Ruffled Hair-Jade Axe-Eagle Down-Flaming Mirror-Arrow', calls two ambassadors named M 2 Flower 'Xiuhcoatl Eye' and M 3 Alligator 'Jade Pheasant'. 2 Flower and 3 Alligator are consecutive days in the tonalpohualli; they both belong to the seventh 13-day week, which starts with 1 Rain dedicated to Tlaloc. These men might also be twins. The elder hires them to take the princess 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl' to the place which can be called Xipe Bundle, the town of his wife 11 Wind. Band III (left to right). The ambassadors leave on the day 9 Serpent of the year 13 Rabbit (1038). M 3 Alligator 'Jade Pheasant', who is in front, carries a staff decorated with jades and quetzal plumes; the part where he grasps it is covered with cloth or paper decorated with red stripes. He is carrying some branches with leaves and flowers. M 2 Flower 'Xiuhcoatl Eye' follows behind him; his staff is decorated with a solar half disk and topped with an adornment of quetzal plumes and a flint knife. He carries the princess 6 Monkey on his back (her head is visible). As they pass through the towns called Hill of the Moon and Hill of the Bumble-bee, the lords of these places M 6 Lizard 'Twisted Hill-Cotton(?)' and M 2 Alligator 'Cacaxtli-Cotton (?)' speak insultingly to them, that is, as sharply as flint knives (note flint knives added to the shapes symbolising their speech, which come out of their mouths). Band IV (right to left). The princess 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl' arrives at the town of Skull and complains before the goddess 9 Grass 'Jawbone' of the treatment she has received."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/05ba5c48-d180-4c64-acbf-c435626c7a69.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0009","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 008: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 7). Band I (left to right). With these allies, the princess 6 Monkey defeats the lords of Hill of the Moon...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/9247f56d-4e86-4cfc-93c7-e7aef7ec2f19.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 008"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 7). Band I (left to right). With these allies, the princess 6 Monkey defeats the lords of Hill of the Moon and of the Bumble-bee (a person seated cross-legged, like Tlazolteotl, can be glimpsed at behind the moon, in centre of this line). They are taken prisoners and their towns are burned. The battle takes place on two days: 3 Grass and 4 Reed of the year 13 Rabbit (1038). Only 47 days had passed since the elder M 10 Lizard had met with the two ambassadors who brought F 6 Monkey to her husband's city. To the right, the lord 2 Alligator 'Cacaxtli-Cotton (?)' is immediately sacrificed in Belching Mountain, where the princess returns. On the other hand, the second prisoner is kept for a future sacrifice (see band II). Band II (right to left). The party re-forms with the two ambassadors. M 2 Flower 'Xiuhcoatl Eye' still carries the princess, and now they take their prisoner M 6 Lizard 'Twisted Hill-Cotton (?)'. Upon arriving at the city of M 11 Wind 'Bloody Tiger', named Xipe bundle, they sacrifice the cacique on the techcatl by taking his heart out. They deposit the Xolotl bundle in front of the temple offered by the previous kings of Belching Mountain. They also deposit the shield and bloody arrow and the staff decorated with another head of Xolotl, topped with a flint knife and quetzal plumes. Band III (left to right). Then, the ambassador 2 Flower 'Xiuhcoatl Eye', who has been carrying the princess, sprinkles her, perhaps with a branch of acxoyatl. The princess assumes a humble attitude and, for the first time in thi codex, she appears wearing the quechquemitl decorated with multicoloured chevrons, which are the symbols of war. Perhaps this is done in remembrance of her expedition against the lords of the Hill of the Moon and of the Bumble-bee. Nevertheless, the 'Serpent Quechquemitl' appears next to her as her real surname. The codex next relates that, on the day 6 Eagle of the same year 13 Rabbit (1038), two days after the sacrifice of the enemy caciques, the princess 6 Monkey 'Serpent Quechquemitl', still wears the war quechquemitl. She and her husband 11 Wind 'Bloody Tiger' are now definitely installed as the lords of the Xipe bundle (they are seated face to face to the right). Band IV (right to left). We now continue with the story of the children of F 6 Monkey 'Serpent or War Quechquemitl'. In the year 2 Flint (1040), two years after the wedding, the first son is born; his name is 4 Wind 'Xiuhcoatl'. Three years later, in 5 Reed (1043), M 1 Alligator 'Eagle-Tlachtli' is born; the codex tells us next that M 4 Wind 'Fire Serpent' marries F 10 Flower 'Tlaloc-Spiderweb'. They are the lords of the town Flint (see two flint stones at the far left). M 11 Wind came from this place, and it was a most important town because of its hereditary seniority (mayorazgo)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/9247f56d-4e86-4cfc-93c7-e7aef7ec2f19.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0010","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 009: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 8). Band I (left to right). To the left are the parents of princess 10 Flower: M 8 Deer 'Tiger Claw', famous...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/36a5a1e2-d506-435a-ae70-56d7c51d9690.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 009"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 8). Band I (left to right). To the left are the parents of princess 10 Flower: M 8 Deer 'Tiger Claw', famous king of Tilantongo, and F 13 Serpent 'Flower Serpent'. In the year 12 Rabbit (1050), in the day 6 Dog, when he was 7 years old, M 1 Alligator (brother-in-law of F 10 Flower) carried out the necessary ceremonies (burning copal in front of the god, wearing the abstinence cord around his body) to become the lord of the Belching Mountain (scene to the right). Band II (right to left). M 1 Alligator 'Eagle-Tlachtli' marries F 6 Wind 'Quetzal Fan-Pearl Headdress' and F 6 Flint 'Xiuhcoatl Jewel'. The wedding takes place in the year 6 Rabbit (1070) on the day 5 Deer, when M 1 Alligator is 27 years old. His first son is then depicted: 5 Lizard 'Jewel-Blood '. One of his daughters 2 Alligator, marries M 6 Rain from Belching Mountain (marriage is scene on the left). Band III (left to right). M 1 Alligator has another daughter, 6 Rabbit, who marries M 3 Wind from the town of Tlaltecuhtli. One sees that these personages are not very important, for their surnames are not mentioned. The marriage of M 1 Alligator's first son is depicted on the same line: M 5 Lizard 'Jewel-Blood' marries F 4 Rain 'Heart-Crossroads (?), and perhaps also F 8 Rabbit, who has no surname. They may be sisters, for they both come from the town Temazcal-Cave of the Atl-Tlachinolli (the Flowered War). Band IV (right to left). They have a son named 3 Reed 'Flowered Tree', who marries 9 Rain 'Omichicahuaztli-Quetzals' from the town of Temple in the Ravine. However, even though he is the first-born, it appears that he does not inherit the throne. They have another son named 1 rain 'Celestial Eagle', and a daughter 3 Flint 'Jewel-Smoke' shown marrying 8 Rain 'Eagle-War' from the Hill of the Twisted Water (far left)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/36a5a1e2-d506-435a-ae70-56d7c51d9690.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0011","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 010: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 9). Band I (left to right). M 1 Rain 'Celestial Eagle' marries F 2 Alligator 'Smoke-Spiderweb', who was the...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/d2745739-e29a-4c72-9f8e-8e844528c532.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 010"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 9). Band I (left to right). M 1 Rain 'Celestial Eagle' marries F 2 Alligator 'Smoke-Spiderweb', who was the daughter of M 6 House 'Flint Necklace' and F 7 Grass 'Xolotl-Jewel' (depisted behind her). They are the lords of a twon whose name has the following elements: River-Green Fruit and White Flower with Red Dots. This appears to be M 6 House's town; his wife was from Feather Carpet-Stone Legs. M 1 Rain 'Celestial Eagle' and his wife 2 Alligator 'Smoke-Spiderweb' have four sons. The first one is 5 Flower 'Celestial Eagle, II', who marries F 10 Water 'Red Xolotl-Jewel'. Band II (right to left). F 10 Water 'Red Xolotl-Jewel' was from Hill of the Flowered Tree, but the scribe left a blank space because he probably did not know who her parents were. The second son of M 1 Rain was named 12 Grass 'White Coyote', and he married F 1 Flower 'Quetzal', daughter of M 3 Wind 'Lion Eye', and F 1 Serpent 'Quetzal-Jewel' from Cozcatepec or Cozcatlan. Band III (left to right). The third son, named M 12 Water 'Eagle Hands', apparently married two sisters from Split Temple. The more important one was named 11 Flower 'Quetzal-Jewel' and the other was 2 Reed 'Jade Staff with Red and Yellow Plumes'. It seems that the last son was 10 Death 'Coyote-Sky', who marries 4 movement 'Jewel-Sky' from Stone-Eye-Bean (scene to far right). Band IV (right to left). This part is difficult to interpret. The birth of M 6 Reed is mentioned, but we do not know whether he was the son of M 10 Death, the last lord mentioned, or of the more likely person M 5 Flower, the first-born. It seems that M 5 Flower (or M 10 Death) had two children: M 6 Reed 'Tiger-Sun' and F 12 Lizard 'Jewel Quetzals'; the latter married M 4 Flint 'Lion-Smoke', lord of the Hill of the Twisted Water, who may have been the grandson of M 8 Rain 'Eagle-War' and F 3 Flint 'Jewel-Smoke' (see 9-IV). M 6 Reed 'Tiger-Sun' marries F 5 Movement 'Ornament-Copal', who came from the town Temple of the Smoke (scene on far left)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/d2745739-e29a-4c72-9f8e-8e844528c532.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0012","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 011: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 10). Band I (left to right). M 6 Reed 'Tiger-Sun' and F 5 Movement 'Ornament-Copal' have a son 11 Flint...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/ffec0060-b1cd-45c1-a41f-ade07ffa6f4e.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 011"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 10). Band I (left to right). M 6 Reed 'Tiger-Sun' and F 5 Movement 'Ornament-Copal' have a son 11 Flint 'Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli-Eagle-Torch', lord of Hill of the Mouse, who marries F 3 Tiger 'Tiger-Spiderweb' from the same town Temple of the Smoke. The second son of 6 Reed 'Tiger-Sun' is lord of Interlaced Serpents-Belching Mouth, which is perhaps another form of indicating Belching Mountain, even though the glyph is quite different. Band II (right to left). This second son, called 13 Wind 'Tlachtli-War' marries F 12 Rain 'Butterfly-Quetzals-Blood'. She is the daughter of M 5 dog 'Lame Tiger' (Tezcatlipoca?) and F 7 Movement 'Jewel-Spiderweb-', lords of the Hill of the Dancing Small Man. Here again, the throne seems not to have passed to the first-born. M 13 Wind and F 12 Rain have a son named 9 Lizard 'Fire Face', and possibly another one called 9 House 'Tiger-Torch', (although the latter is not depicted with the umbilical cord). It may be that these two lords were born in the same year but were not brothers (they later became companions in arms, see tbc). Band III (left to right). M 13 Wind and F 12 Rain also have a daughter named 9 Movement 'Humming Bird-Spindle Whorl', who marries 7 Lizard 'Flint-Feet-War', lord of the Mountain of the Maxtlatl. M 9 house (see band II) appears as a priest painted black, wearing a small gourd for tobacco or yetecomatl on his back. He is offering incense and some blood-stained papers in the River of the Hand and the Tizatl, in the Cave of the Quail. It must be an offering he makes before declaring the war which we will consider later (see tbc). Band IV (right to left). The next scene is difficult to interpret, although it undoubtedly is related to the war. In the River of the Two Interlaced Serpents, an eagle, a tiger, a lion and a priest-sacrificer or Turtle-Xiuhcoatl are looking towards the sky with their hands held as if to catch something. They are probably asking the sun for success in the battle which is near. This occurs on the day 12 Death of the year 7 Flint (1292), in the town Hill of the Flowered Arrows (perhaps to indicate the Flower War). The symbols of war, used in this codex, are in front of this town: the dart, the shield, the sacred bundle or teoquimilli, and the Xolotl mask."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/ffec0060-b1cd-45c1-a41f-ade07ffa6f4e.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0013","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 012: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 11). Band I (left to right). In the town Hill of the Flowered Arrows, M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face' takes a...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/9f8cafb8-1644-4459-95dc-bd57aae23c15.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 012"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 11). Band I (left to right). In the town Hill of the Flowered Arrows, M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face' takes a prisoner having no calendrical name. his only identifying feature is a vegetable in his headdress, perhaps the glyph which symbolises the town from which he comes (Huejotzinco?). M 9 House 'Tiger Torch', the companion of M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face', also takes a prisoner; he is taken to the Hill of the Plateau, where he is sacrificed. the prisoner's name is M 13 Deer. he sacrificed men, as well as M 9 House, wear the long curved claws as plugs in their lower lips which in the Aztec codices characterised those they called 'the enemies of the home'; that is the Tlaxcaltecas and the Huexotzincas. Band II (right to left). After the sacrifice, the two victors, dressed as Xiuhcoatl and an eagle, 'give the Sun his libation', according to the esoteric formual with which the Aztecs designated the human sacrifice. It appears that this battle, undertaken by the companions M 9 Lizard and M 9 House, was a Flower War, whose purpose was to capture prisoners for sacrifice to the Sun. Once the was is over, the divine bundle, the spear, the shield, and the Xolotl mask are once again deposited in the temple of Belching Mountain. It is worth noting that the town has not been mentioned since p. 9-IV; the codex does not expressly say that the lords 5 Lizard, 1 Rain, 10 Death, 6 Reed, and 13 Wind were rulers of Belching Mountain.To the left, M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face' marries F 12 Deer 'War Quechquemitl'. Band III (left to right). 12 Deer 'War Quechquemitl' is the daughter of M 13 Serpent 'Tiger-Bundle Wrapper' and F 2 House (no surname), who were the lords of the House of the Eagle (which is probably Cuauhtinchan in the present state of Puebla). M 9 Lizard and F 12 Deer have three sons: 7 House 'Eagle-Sun', 3 Alligator 'Tiger', and 2 Tiger 'Tiger-Tlaltecuhtli-Smoke'. Band IV (right to left). M 7 House 'Eagle-Sun' married F 12 Lizard 'Jewel-Spiderweb'. They were the lords of the town Chayote. On the day 7 Rabbit of the year 9 Flint (1320), M 7 House 'Eagle-Sun' and M 3 Alligator 'Tiger-Sun' die in Hill of the Copper Axes (Tepozcolula?). They are probably killed by M 6 Water 'Multicoloured Plumes', lord of Feathers-Cacaxtli (Yanhuitlan), depicted on p. 13-I."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/9f8cafb8-1644-4459-95dc-bd57aae23c15.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0014","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 013: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 12). Band I (left to right). M 6 Water 'Multicoloured Plumes', lord of Feathers-Cacaxtli (Yanhuitlan), is...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/4caed45e-39a7-4e4e-a05c-831439469d60.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 013"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 12). Band I (left to right). M 6 Water 'Multicoloured Plumes', lord of Feathers-Cacaxtli (Yanhuitlan), is depicted; he probably was the killer of  M 7 House 'Eagle-Sun' and M 3 Alligator 'Tiger-Sun' (who are depicted, dead, on p. 12-IV). He holds a curious weapon, it is a wooden object forming a right angle, armed on one side with obsidian or flint disks. On the day 11 Eagle of the year 5 Flint (1316), M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face' conquers the Hill of the Claw and Fire (depicted on band II, to the right); this is indicated by an arrow buried in the hill. He makes prisoners of the lords 1 Grass 'Stone Xolotl' and 4 Alligator 'Plumed Flag'. The former is armed with a weapon similar to that shown in the previous scene; the latter has the flag of the sacrifice victim in his hand. If the date given here is correct, we must conclude that this war was waged before the one in which the sons of 9 Lizard 'Fire Face' died (p. 12-IV). It may be a mistake, or the scribe chose not to follow chronological order in relating these events. Band II (right to left). The codex continues with the conquests of M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face'. On the day 1 House of the year 7 Reed (1331), he takes the Hill of the Dancing Small Man, where his maternal grandparents had reigned. The scribe again repeats the date already mentioned and says that M 9 Lizard is married to F 12 Deer 'War Quechquemitl' (secen to far left). He states it to remind us that a son from this marriage still lived; he had not been sacrificed with his brothers (see p. 12-IV). Band III (left to right). This son is named 2 Tiger 'Tiger-Tlaltecuhtli-Smoke'. In the year 9 Flint (1320), on the day 9 House, only 15 days after the sacrifice, he marries 1 Serpent 'Sun Headdress', daughter of M 9 House 'Tiger-Torch', and F 3 Rabbit 'Xolotl-Spiderweb', the second rulers of the Third Dynasty of Teozacoalco and Tilantongo. This was obviously done to assure the succession to the throne. As will be remembered, the parents of M 2 Tiger and F 1 Serpent had been companions in arms in the fight against 'the men with the curved lip plug' (see p. 12-I). The significance of the footprints descending apparently from the day 9 House to M 9 Lizard 'Fire Face' is difficult to interpret. M 2 Tiger 'Tiger-Tlaltecuhtli-Smoke' and his wife 1 Serpent 'Sun Headdress' have a son who is named 5 Water 'Tiger-Astronomical Apparatus'. Band IV (right to left). They also have a daughter, 8 Flower 'Xolotl-Jewel'. She marries 6 Tiger 'Tiger-Words of War-Centipede', from Eagle-Bean. M 5 Water 'Tiger-Astronomical Apparatus' is married to F 7 Rain 'Quetzal Fan-Astronomical Apparatus', who was the daughter of M 11 Wind 'Tiger-Torch' and F 4 Grass 'Vase with Flowered Shrub' from the town Observatory."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/4caed45e-39a7-4e4e-a05c-831439469d60.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0015","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 014: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 13). Band I (left to right). F 7 Rain 'Quetzal Fan-Astronomical Apparatus' was the daughter of M 11 Wind...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/ad00fc4b-bb22-4059-94e2-dba08c130131.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 014"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 13). Band I (left to right). F 7 Rain 'Quetzal Fan-Astronomical Apparatus' was the daughter of M 11 Wind 'Tiger-Torch' and F 4 Grass 'Vase with Flowered Shrub' from the town Observatory. M 5 Water and F 7 Rain have a son and four daughters mentioned in this codex. The son, named 10 Monkey 'Celestial Rain', is born on the day of his name in the year 2 Reed (1339; date and name are linked to the same monkey head). The first daughter was named 13 Wind 'Hill-Ear of Corn'; she married 6 Deer 'Tlaloc-Copal', the first ruler of the Fourth Dynasty of Tilantongo (scene to far right).Band II (right to left). The second daughter, named 11 Wind 'Smoke-Spiderweb', married 8 Eagle 'Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli-Celestial Rain', lord of Hill of the Twisted Water. The third daughter was named 9 Wind 'Flint Quechquemitl'; her namesake was the princess who founded the Second Dynasty. But to distinguish them, the surname of 'Xolotl-Jewel' was added. She married 6 Alligator 'Xiuhcoatl', from the city of Skull-Toztli. Band III (left to right). The fourth daughter was named 3 Flint 'Flower-Jewel'; she stayed single or else the scribe did not know whether she had married. On the day 1 Reed of the year 9 Reed (1359), M 10 Monkey 'Celestial Rain' makes an offering of copal; he is dressed as a priest, with the spotted white xicolli. It appears that he is offering a bag of ayate and a copper axe in front of the Xolotl bundle so that he may become the lord of Belching Mountain. He is the eleventh king of the Third Dynasty. Band IV (right to left). At the age of 23, on the day 7 Water of the year 12 Rabbit (1362), M 10 Monkey 'Celestial Rain' marries F 5 Water 'Xolotl-Jewel', daughter of M 4 Deer 'Tiger-Torch' and F 10 Water 'Xolotl-Feather Carpet' from Feather Carpet-Stone Legs."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/ad00fc4b-bb22-4059-94e2-dba08c130131.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0016","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 015: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 14). Band I (left to right). In the year 2 Reed (1391), M 10 Monkey and F 5 Water have a son, named 3 Death...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/d87ff38d-5fb5-4230-ab91-f7b0ecb917e9.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 015"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 14). Band I (left to right). In the year 2 Reed (1391), M 10 Monkey and F 5 Water have a son, named 3 Death 'Grey Eagle'. As this would mean that 29 years have elapsed between their marriage and the birth of their first son: the scribe probably made a mistake in the date. M 10 Monkey and F 5 Water have two daughters. The first is named 4 House 'Eagle-Quechquemitl', who marries 3 Wind 'Bloody Eagle' of Hill of the Snail with Feet (Teccicztepec?); The second one, named 5 House 'Sun Headress', marries 9 Tiger 'Tiger-Sun', lord of Hill of the Yellow Disk (Comaltepec?). Band II (right to left). The lady 5 Water, mother of the prince and princesses mentioned in band I, remarries with 2 Death (no surname). This means that her first husband 10 Monkey 'Celestial Rain' had already died. The parents of her second husband are M 6 Lizard (no surname) and F 4 Wind (no surname), lords of the town Tlaltecuhtli (town already seen on p. 9-III), related to the rulers of Belching Mountain. M 6 Lizard and F 4 Wind are also the parents of princess 5 House 'Xolotl-Jewel', who marries 9 Tiger 'Tiger-War Torch', from the town of the Plateau-Incense Burner (this is the second princess named 5 House on this page, see band I). Band III (left to right). In the year 5 Flint (1368) on the day 9 Rabbit, M 3 Death 'Grey Eagle', lord of Belching Mountain, marries 3 Serpent 'Cacao Garland', who is the daughter of M 8 eagle 'Tlahuizcalpantechuhtli-Sun-Celestial Rain' and F 11 Rain 'Pearl Headdress-Smoke-Spiderweb', lord of Hill of the Twisted Water. Therefore, M 3 Death and his wife 3 serpent were cross-cousins, since his father was her mother's brother (see p. 14-II). Band IV (right to left). M 1 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Sun' is born in the year 1 Flint (1416; note the unbilical cord issuing from the date glyph). His name is almost completely illegible, but there are still enough traces to recognise him. He is the first son of M 3 Death and F 3 Serpent. On the day 2 (?) Eagle of the year 9 Flint (1424), M 3 Death 'Grey Eagle' has to defend his city against the attack of his uncle, 8 Eagle, who is also his father-in-law (his surname is almost lost, a sky band is still visible)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/d87ff38d-5fb5-4230-ab91-f7b0ecb917e9.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0017","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 016: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 15). Band I (left to right). After defeating his father-in-law (see p. 15-IV) and thereby retaining the...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/a2ee1de3-38b7-487f-9824-6b81d08154ea.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 016"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 15). Band I (left to right). After defeating his father-in-law (see p. 15-IV) and thereby retaining the throne, it appears that M 3 Death 'Grey Eagle' has a daughter named 9 Deer 'Quetzal Mask', who marries M 1 Flower 'Quetzal', lord of Hill of the Yellow Disk (Comaltepec). He is very likely to be the son of M 9 Tiger 'Tiger-Sun' and of his paternal aunt 5 House 'Sun Headdress' (depicted on p. 15-I). Via a trail of footprints leading towards line II, we are told that the princess 9 Deer 'Quetzal Mask' later goes to the town of Alligator Skin-Temple of Smoke; but it is not stated whether she has another marriage ceremony with the lord of this place. M 3 Death's second daughter 8 Lizard 'Quetzalcoatl' marries 3 Wind 'Flint', lord of Feather Carpet-Twisted Red Hill'.  Band II (right to left). Princess 9 Deer 'Quetzal Mask' goes to the town of Alligator Skin-Temple of Smoke. On the day 9 Wind of the year 3 Flint (1444), M 3 Death 'Grey Eagle' dies (note closed eyes used to symbolise death). His son 1 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Sun', at the age of 32, marries 7 Water 'Sun-Quetzals' on the day 4 Alligator of the year 6 Reed. Band III (left to right). 7 Water 'Sun-Quetzals' is the daughter of M 4 Flower 'Eagle-Quetzals' and F 7 Vulture  'Quetzals, second kings of the Fourth Dynasty of Tilantongo de[icted to the left. On the day 5 Serpent of the year 8 House (1449), M 1 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Su' has to defend his city Belching Mountain from the attack of M 3 Monkey 'Tiger-Fire' (he could be the same as M 3 Monkey 'Tiger-Fire-Torch', lord of Mouth-Spiderweb mentioned in Codex Bodley). Band IV (right to left). M 4 Serpent 'Eagle-Blood-Quetzals-Sun Xiuhcoatl' is born in the year 10 Reed (1451); his father is 1 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Sun'. The latter is married for a second time probably in the same year to 10 (?) Movement 'Rhomb-Sun', thereby becoming the lord of Quetzaltepec. His wife was the daughter of M 1 Reed and F 1 Death (no surname), lords of Xipe Bundle, depicted to the left."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/a2ee1de3-38b7-487f-9824-6b81d08154ea.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0018","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 017: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 16). Band I (left to right). F 7 Water 'Sun -Quetzals', M 1 Monkey's first wife dies in the year 10 House...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/cbdaf399-c09e-4530-80fc-4c58e5126b42.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 017"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 16). Band I (left to right). F 7 Water 'Sun -Quetzals', M 1 Monkey's first wife dies in the year 10 House (1477) on the day 7 Movement. Three years later, on the day 8 Deer of the year Flint (1480), M 1 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Sun' also dies, at the age of 64. Band II (right to left). On the day 9 Flower of the year 4 Reed (1471; date appearing on band I), M 4 Serpent 'Eagle-Quetzals', M 1 Monkey's first son, wages a war against M 9 Flint 'Xiuhcoatl' from Hill of the Toztli and Blood, and takes him prisoner. At this time, M 4 Serpent was 20 years old and his father was still alove. He apparently started the war to take possession of Mountain of the Chayote and the River of the Mouth (depicted on band I). M 9 Flint holds a weapon of the type which was used by the Mixtecs or Zapotecs of the Valley of Oaxaca. The next event is the marriage of M 4 Serpent 'Eagle-Blood-Xiuhcoatl-Sun' and F 5 Monkey 'Hill-Ear of Corn' (no date given). Band III (left to right). She was the daughter of M 10 Rain 'Tlaloc-Sun' and F 5 Wind 'Cacao Garland', the third rulers of the Fourth Dynasty of Tilantongo. M 4 Serpent therefore marries his cousin, the daughter of his maternal uncle. The first daughter of M 4 Serpent and F 5 Monkey, named 1 Deer 'Quetzalcoatl-Gold Pectoral' is born in the year 1 House (1481). She marries M 3 Deer 'Tlaloc-Falling Jewel', the lord of Feather Carpet-Red Culhuacán or Twisted Red Hill. He was probably his wife's second cousin, for he may have been the grandson of F 8 Lizard 'Quetzalcoatl', the sister of M 1 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Sun', who was the grandfather of lady 1 Deer (for family tree, see Caso, 1964). Band IV (right to left). M 4 Reed 'Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli-Sun', the first son of M 4 Serpent and F 5 Monkey is born in the year 2 Rabbit (1482). The second son, who is named 2 King Vulture 'Xiuhcoatl-Sun' is born in the following year 3 Reed (1483; note the umbilical cord linked to the date symbol); he marries 13 House 'Tiger Flower', and they become lords of the town Flames (Tlaxiaco). She was the daughter of M 8 Grass 'Tlaloc-Sun' and F 1 Serpent 'Quetzal Jewels' from the town Observatory (although the name of the lady is completely lost here, 'Codex Bodley' MS. Mex. d. 1 fortunately deals with the same personages, and there, the name is very clear)."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/cbdaf399-c09e-4530-80fc-4c58e5126b42.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0019","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 018: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 17). Band I (left to right). In the year 4 Flint (1484), M 4 Serpent and F 5 Monkey have another daughter...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/d8264d8d-b1bb-4447-bf5f-f5cc1acf9c7a.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 018"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 17). Band I (left to right). In the year 4 Flint (1484), M 4 Serpent and F 5 Monkey have another daughter named 12 King Vulture 'Ornament-Sun', who marries M 4 Deer 'Eagle-Astronomical Apparatus', called Yac qua, the ruler of Tilantongo when the Spaniards arrived (therefore, 4 Deer married his niece, because F 12 Vulture 'Ornament-Sun' was the daughter of F 5 Monkey, who in turn was 4 Deer's sister). M 4 Serpent and F 5 Monkey have another son in the year 5 House (1485), His name is M 11 Monkey 'Tlaloc-Sun'; he marries F 1 Death 'Ascending Xolotl', who is from the town of Chayote (scene to the right). Band II (from right to left). Without indicating the year, the codex tells us that another daughter was born (sister of the princes previously mentioned). Named F 8 Reed 'Xolotl-Jewel', she married 5 Serpent 'Resplendent Eagle'; they were lords of the town Bean. Later, in the year 10 Reed (1503), on the day 3 Serpent, 24 year-old M 4 Reed 'Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli-Sun', the first-born and heir apparent of Belching Mountain, marries F 2 Movement 'Xolotl-Butterfly', the daughter of M 2 Flint 'Tlaloc-Sun' and F 5 Wind 'Cacao Garland', from the Hill of the Yellow Disk (Comaltepek?), who are depicted to the left. It appears that we are dealing with another marriage of this lady F 5 Wind, who was the wife of M 10 Rain 'Tlaloc-Sun', third king of the Fourth Dynasty of Tilantongon' (see p. 17-III); however, both husbands have the same surname. Band III (left to right). on the day 1 Tiger of the year 3 House (1509), 4 Reed 'Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli-Sun' dies at the age of 28. It is not said whether he left a successor or not. Then, his widow lady 2 Movement 'Xolotl-Butterfly' marries 11 Tiger 'Bloody Words', the son of M 10 Deer 'Eagle-Red Flowers' and F 7 Flint 'Jewel-Spiderweb', lords of the town Monkey, who are depicted to the right. Band IV (right to left). But lady 2 Movement and her husband do not rule in Belching Mountain. Instead, they are the lords of Comaltepec, the town from which she came. This gives valuable insight concerning dynastic requirements: if a woman re-marries after her husband's death, then she and her new husband have to return to her place of origin, as they have no right to govern in the place of the deceased first husband. The kings of Tilantongo 4 Deer 'Eagle-Astronomical Apparatus', called Yac qua, and his wife 12 Vulture 'Sun Ornament-Jewel' have a son named '13 Grass 'Xiuhcoatl' on the day 1 Alligator of the year 10 Flint (1516). He is depicted on p. 19-I."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/d8264d8d-b1bb-4447-bf5f-f5cc1acf9c7a.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0020","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 019: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 18). Band I (left to right). The kings of Tilantongo 4 Deer 'Eagle-Astronomical Apparatus', called Yac qua,...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/02d6272f-6bc6-41b5-b178-13bf393bc185.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 019"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 18). Band I (left to right). The kings of Tilantongo 4 Deer 'Eagle-Astronomical Apparatus', called Yac qua, and his wife 12 Vulture 'Sun Ornament-Jewel' (both depicted on p. 18-IV) have a son named '13 Grass 'Xiuhcoatl' on the day 1 Alligator of the year 10 Flint (1516). He is called by his maternal grandparents, M 4 Serpent 'Eagle-Blood-Xiuhcoatl-Sun' and F 5 Monkey 'Hill-Ear of Corn', for a conference at Belching Mountain. This is 7 years after the death of his cousin M 4 Reed 'Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli-Sun' (see p. 18-III). The latter died when his parents were still alive and thus never ruled in Belching Mountain.To the right, shared between band I and II (damaged), are the depictions of the deaths of F 5 Monkey and her husband 4 Serpent. She was born in 12 Rabbit (1466) and was the daughter of a second marriage of the king of Tilantongo 10 Rain 'Tlaloc Sun' (see p. 17-III). She dies on day 2 House of the year 12 Rabbit (1518; aged 53). 4 Serpent, her husband dies on the day 1 Movement of the year 1 Flint (1520; he was born in the year 10 Reed and so was aged 69). Both thus died when the Spaniards had already arrived. M 13 Grass 'Xiuhcoatl-Torch', the prince of Tilantongo who succeeds these lords, marries lady 2 Tiger 'Bundle of Red Objects-Jewel' on the day 3 Rain of the year 4 Reed (1523). She was the daughter of M 2 Vulture 'Xiuhcoatl-Sun' and F 13 House 'Tiger Flower', lords of the town Flames (Tlaxiaco); they are depicted to the left. M 13 Grass thus marries his cross-cousin, since M 2 King Vulture, his father-in-law and uncle, was the brother of his father 12 King Vulture; they were both the children of M 2 Serpent and F 5 Monkey (see p. 17-IV). Because of the union of these two branches of the family, a dynastic fight was probably averted, and this M 13 Grass, son of the kings of Tilantongo and grandson of the lords of Belching Mountain, starts the Fourth and last dynasty of Belching Mountain. Band III (left to right). M 10 Grass 'Tiger-Tlaltecuhtli-Smoke', the first son of these lords, is born in the year 8 Reed (1527). In the following year 9 Flint (1528), they have a daughter named 8 Flint 'Venus-Legs and Bent Strip', who marries 8 Movement 'Tiger-Tlaloc-Wall', from the town of White Flowers. In the year 10 House (1529), another son named 11 Monkey 'Falling Eagle is born (his birth date and name is on band III, but he his depicted on band IV (far right, partly erased). Band IV (right to left). 11 Monkey 'Falling Eagle marries 10 (?) Death 'Coloured Strips', from Hill of the Plateau and the White Peak. In the following year 1 Rabbit (1530), M 13 Grass and F 2 Tiger have another son. His name is 5 Flint 'Tlaloc-Sun', and he marries F 9 Water 'Cacao Garland', from Hill of the Twisted Water."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/02d6272f-6bc6-41b5-b178-13bf393bc185.json"},{"@id":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/range/5fb5517b-0539-4531-b996-44fa52ede044/LOG_0021","@type":"sc:Range","label":"p. 020: Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 19). Band I (left to right; damaged). A confusing episode then follows. The line starts with a death bundle:...","canvases":["https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/5a4bdb5c-aa7d-422f-acf1-b07b9f31b199.json"],"metadata":[{"label":"Image Range","value":"p. 020"},{"label":"Description","value":"Starting at bottom (continuation of p. 19). Band I (left to right; damaged). A confusing episode then follows. The line starts with a death bundle: a lord seated on a throne whose surname is 'Eagle-Quetzal', and calendrical name seems to be 12 Death. Another interpretation could be that, in th year 3 Reed (1535) and on the day 12 Death, the lord Eagle-Quetzals ' died (in which case, what we are missing is not the date of his death, but his calendrical name). Many lords mentioned have the surname 'Eagle-Quetzals' so it is not possible to know who is depicted. Continuing, we see a date: the year 3 Reed (1535) in which F 10 Alligator 'Quechquemitl of Quetzalcoatl' is either born or married. The marriage is with M 5 Tiger 'Tiger-Blood', from the town Feather Carpet-Smoking Wall-Bules (gourds for carrying water). On the day 10 Wind of the year 9 House (1541), the king and queen of Belching Mountain die. The king 13 Grass 'Tiger Torch' is shown on this line, queen 2 (5 indicated) Tiger 'Cacao Garland' is in band II (far right). The use of the surname 'Cacao Garland' instead of 'Bundle of Red Objects' may mean that this is another wife of 13 Grass. This would also explain why she is called 5 Tiger rather than 2. Band II (right to left). The last son of these lords was born in the year 6 Rabbit (1538), on the day 7 Alligator. He was named 7 Alligator 'Knot-Alligator Skull', and at the age of 18, in 11 Flint (1556), he married F 7 Flint (without surname) from the town Toztli with Blood-Claw. Band III (left to right). On the day 1 Reed of the year 1 Rabbit (1546, very erased), 10 years before his younger brother's marriage, the first born M 10 Grass 'Tiger-Tlaltecuhtli-Smoke', the last king of Belching Mountain, marries F 10 Serpent 'Flowered Tree-Bent Strip'. She was the daughter of M 4 Wind 'Xiuhcoatl' and F 6 House 'Sun-Jewel', who were also from Toztli with Blood-Claw, and the parents of the princess 7 Flint who had married M 7 Alligator, the younger brother (see band II). M 4 Wind 'Xiuhcoatl' is a homonym in both calendrical name and surname of the king of Xipe Bundle and Flint. Band IV. The last line of this page was left blank. A projecting edge of the leather would have allowed the addition of another page, had it been necessary, but for some reason, the tlacuilo had to suspend his work, perhaps because he was relating contemporary events. If this is so, the codex was discontinued around 1556, but then, it would have been impossible that he would have failed to include the sons of M 10 Grass 'Tiger-Tlaltecuhtli-Smoke', the lord of Belching Mountain, who was alive at the time."}],"startCanvas":"https://iiif.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/iiif/canvas/5a4bdb5c-aa7d-422f-acf1-b07b9f31b199.json"}]}